با همکاری انجمن آبخیزداری ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تعیین سهم جریان­‌های زیرسطحی در جریان رودخانه، می‌تواند در تحلیل جریان رودخانه، مدل‌سازی بارش-رواناب و واسنجی مدل‌ها، مدیریت آب در شرایط کم‌آبی و تعیین میزان ذخیره آبخیز مفید باشد. در این پژوهش، تعداد 22 ایستگاه آب­‌سنجی با آمار مناسب و دوره مشترک آماری سال‌های آبی1391-1361 انتخاب شدند. روند تغییرات جریان در طی ماه‌های سال برای کلیه ایستگاه‌­های آب‌سنجی منطقه پژوهش ترسیم و خشک‌ترین ماه سال تعیین شد. سپس،  واسنجی شش الگوریتم رقومی برگشتی­ با استفاده از داده­‌های دراز مدت خشک‌­ترین ماه سال انجام و پس از به­‌دست آوردن پارامترهای بهینه مدل‌ها،­ تفکیک جریان پایه برای کل دوره انجام و ارزیابی کارایی مدل­‌ها با استفاده از شاخص ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که قسمت اعظم جریان رودخانه در منطقه مورد پژوهش، مربوط به جریان پایه است و کمینه، بیشینه و میانگین سالانه شاخص جریان پایه در کل دوره به‌­ترتیب برابر با 0.48، 0.62 و 0.56 می­‌باشد که نشان­‌دهنده مشارکت بیش از 50 درصدی منابع آب­‌های زیرسطحی در آب‌های سطحی حوضه‌‌های مورد پژوهش است. نتایج ارزیابی کارایی مدل­‌ها با استفاده از شاخص ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا نشان داد که متوسط خطا در منطقه پژوهش، برای هر شش روش در محدوده 0.025 تا 0.044 است که کمترین آن متعلق است به‌­روش لینه و هالک و بیشترین خطا، مربوط به فیلتر رقومی تک‌­پارامتره می‌­باشد. جمع‌بندی کلی نتایج فرایند واسنجی و بررسی روابط همبستگی بین داده‌­های محاسباتی و اندازه‌گیری­ شده، نشان داد که بین داده­‌های محاسباتی و اندازه­‌گیری­ شده، همبستگی با ضریب تبیین بیش از 0.80 وجود دارد و روش واسنجی با داده­‌های فصل خشک در غیاب روش‌های مبتنی بر ردیاب‌ها، به‌­عنوان مناسب‌ترین روش واسنجی فیلتر­های رقومی تفکیک جریان در منطقه مورد پژوهش پیشنهاد می‌­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Calibration of recursive digital filters to separate the base flow, case study: Karkheh Basin

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahim Kazemi 1
  • Jahangir Porhemmat 2

1 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor, Soil Conservation and WatershedManagement Research Institute, Agricultural ‎Research, ‎Education ‎and ‎Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Understanding the base flow can be useful in river flow analysis, rainfall-runoff modeling, calibration of models, water resource management in low flow conditions and determination of the amount of water storage in watershed. In this research, 22 stations were selected with the appropriate data and common period of the years of 1982-2012. The trend of flow changes during the months of the year was determined for all hydrometric stations in the study area and the driest month was determined. Then, the calibration of six recursive digital algorithms was performed using the long-term data of the driest month of the year and after obtaining optimal parameters of the models, the base flow separation for the whole period was performed. The performance evaluation of the models was done using root mean square error. The results showed that the major part of the river flow in the study area was related to the base flow and the minimum, maximum and average annual base flow index for the whole period was equal to 0.48, 0.62 and 0.56, respectively, representing more than 50% of ground water contribution to stream flow of the studied watersheds. Results of the evaluation of the models using the root mean square error showed that the mean error in the research area for all the methods ranged from 0.025 to 0.044. The minimum was related to Lynie and Holick, and the maximum related to the One-parameter digital filter. Over all, conclusion of the results of the calibration process and investing the correlation between calculated and measured data showed that there was a correlation with a coefficient of explanation of more than 80%. Calibration method with dry season data in the absence of tracer-based methods is suggested as the most suitable method for calibrating digital separation filters in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Base flow
  • Calibration
  • Dry season
  • Filter parameter
  • Water resources
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